Managers

Leaders

Do things right

Do the right thing

Are interested in efficiency

Are interested in effectiveness

Administer

Innovate

Maintain

Develop

Focus on systems

Focus on people

Rely on control

Rely on trust

Organise and staff

Align people with direction

Emphasise tactics, structure and systems

Emphasise philosophy, core values, and shared goals

Have a short-term view

Have a long-term view

Ask how and when

Ask what and why

Accept the status quo

Challenge the status quo

Focus on the present

Focus on the future

Have their eyes on the bottom line

Have their eyes on the horizon

Develop detailed steps and timetables

Develop visions and strategies

Seek predictability and order

Seek change

Avoid risks

Take risks

Motivate people to comply with standards

Inspire people to change

Use position-to-position (superior to subordinate) influence

Use person-to-person influence

Require others to comply

Inspire others to follow

Operate within organisational rules

Operate outside of organisational rules, regulations, policies and procedures

Are given a position

Take initiative to lead